Ingufu za Pulse ni iki?

Ingufu zitanga amashanyarazi ni ubwoko bw'amashanyarazi akoresha ibyuma bihindura umuyoboro w'amashanyarazi (pulse rectifiers) kugira ngo bihindure umuyoboro w'amashanyarazi usimburana (AC) ube umuyoboro w'amashanyarazi uyobora (DC) mu buryo bugenzurwa. Iri koranabuhanga rikoreshwa cyane mu bikorwa bitandukanye, harimo ibikoresho by'inganda, itumanaho, n'ibikoresho by'ubuvuzi. Muri iyi nkuru, turasuzuma igitekerezo cy'ingufu zitanga amashanyarazi kandi twige imikorere y'ibyuma bitanga amashanyarazi.

Ingufu za Pulse ni iki?

Ingufu zitanga ingufu za pulse ni ubwoko bwihariye bw'ingufu zitanga ingufu z'amashanyarazi mu buryo bwa pulse. Izi pulse zikunze kuba mu buryo bwa waves kare cyangwa izindi waves zifite imiterere igenzurwa. Inshingano y'ibanze y'ingufu zitanga ingufu za AC ni uguhindura voltage ya AC yinjira mu musaruro wa DC ugenzurwa. Ubu buryo bwo guhindura ni ingenzi mu gukoresha ibikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga n'ibikoresho bisaba ingufu za DC zihamye kandi zizewe.

Ingufu z'amashanyarazi zizwiho imikorere myiza n'ubushobozi bwo gutanga ingufu nyinshi, bigatuma zikoreshwa aho hakenewe ingufu nke kandi zikomeye. Byongeye kandi, ingufu z'amashanyarazi zitanga ingufu zishobora gutanga imbaraga nyinshi, ibyo bikaba ingirakamaro ku bikorwa nka sisitemu za laser zikoresha ingufu nyinshi, imiterere y'amashanyarazi, n'igerageza rya fiziki rikoresha ingufu nyinshi.

Igikoresho cyo gusubiza impumuro mu maraso (Pulse Rectifier) ​​ni iki?

Imashini ihindura imikorere y'amajwi ni igice cy'ingenzi cya sisitemu y'amashanyarazi ya pulse. Ishinzwe guhindura voltage ya AC yinjira ikaba voltage ya DC itera. Bitandukanye na rectifier zisanzwe, zitanga DC ihoraho, pulse rectifiers zikora urukurikirane rw'amajwi atera imikorere anyuzwamo kugira ngo atange DC ihoraho.

Imikorere ya pulse rectifier ikubiyemo gukoresha ibikoresho bya semiconductor nka diodes, thyristors, cyangwa insulated gate bipolar transistors (IGBTs) kugira ngo igenzure urujya n'uruza rw'amashanyarazi muri circuit. Mu guhindura uburyo ibi bikoresho bitwara, pulse rectifier ishobora gukora ishusho y'umuvuduko w'amashanyarazi kugira ngo ihuze n'ibisabwa byihariye by'umutwaro.

Ubwoko bwa Pulse Rectifiers

Hari ubwoko butandukanye bwa pulse rectifiers, buri bumwe bufite imiterere yabwo yihariye n'imikorere yabwo. Bumwe mu bwoko busanzwe burimo:

1. Imashini Ihindura Ingufu mu Gihe kimwe: Ubu bwoko bwa "rectifier" bukoreshwa mu gukoresha ingufu nke kandi bukwiriye guhindura "single-phase AC input" mu "pulsating DC output". Bukunze gukoreshwa mu bikoresho bito by'amashanyarazi no mu buryo bwo gusharija bateri.

2. Imashini zitunganya imitsi y'amapine y'icyiciro cya gatatu: Imashini zitunganya imitsi y'amapine y'icyiciro cya gatatu zagenewe guhangana n'imbaraga nyinshi kandi zikoreshwa mu nganda aho ingufu za AC z'icyiciro cya gatatu ziboneka. Zikunze gukoreshwa mu byuma bitwara moteri, ibikoresho byo gusudira, na sisitemu zo kwihutisha imikorere y'inganda.

3. Imashini ihindura ubugari bwa Pulse Width Modulated (PWM): Imashini zihindura PWM zikoresha uburyo bwitwa pulse width modulation kugira ngo zigenzure voltage isohoka. Mu guhindura ubugari bwa pulse, izi mashini zihindura ubugari zishobora kugera ku mikorere myiza ya voltage no gukora neza cyane. Akenshi zikoreshwa mu bikoresho by'amashanyarazi n'ibinyabiziga bikoresha moteri.

Ibyiza byo gutanga ingufu za Pulse

Ingufu zitanga ingufu zidasanzwe zitanga inyungu nyinshi ugereranyije n’uburyo busanzwe bwo gutanga amashanyarazi. Zimwe mu nyungu z’ingenzi zirimo:

1. Ingufu nyinshi: Ingufu zikoreshwa mu gusohora amashanyarazi zizwiho imikorere myiza cyane, ibi bikaba bigerwaho binyuze mu gukoresha ibyuma bikosora impumuro n'uburyo bugezweho bwo kugenzura. Ibi bituma igihombo cy'amashanyarazi kigabanuka kandi ikiguzi cyo gukoresha kikagabanuka.

2. Ingano nto: Ingufu z'amashanyarazi zishobora gutanga imbaraga nyinshi mu buryo buciriritse, bigatuma zikoreshwa aho umwanya ari muto.

3. Gusubiza vuba: Imiterere y'ingufu zisohoka ituma ingufu zikoreshwa mu gusohora zihita zisubiza vuba impinduka mu mutwaro, bigatuma ziba nziza cyane ku bikorwa bihindagurika nka sisitemu za laser zigenda zihinduka na moteri zihuta cyane.

Imikoreshereze y'Ingufu z'Ingufu za Pulse

Ingufu zikoreshwa mu gusohora ingufu zisa n'izikoreshwa mu nganda n'ikoranabuhanga bitandukanye. Zimwe mu porogaramu zisanzwe zirimo:

1. Sisitemu za Lazeri zikoresha imirasire: Ingufu z'amashanyarazi zikoreshwa mu gutanga imirasire ifite ingufu nyinshi kandi ikenewe kugira ngo sisitemu za Lazeri zikoresha imirasire zikoresha imirasire mu gutunganya ibikoresho, mu buvuzi no mu bushakashatsi bwa siyansi.

2. Gutunganya amashanyarazi: Mu bikorwa byo gukora nk'ibishushanyo n'ibishushanyo by'ibyuma, ingufu z'amashanyarazi zikoreshwa mu gutanga ingufu nyinshi zo gukora imbaraga za electromagnetic zo gutunganya ibice by'icyuma.

3. Ibikoresho by'Ubuvuzi: Ingufu z'amashanyarazi zikoreshwa mu bikoresho by'ubuvuzi nka defibrillators, electrocautery devices, na magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) kugira ngo haboneke imbaraga zikenewe mu gusuzuma no kuvura.

4. Ikoranabuhanga mu by'Ikoranabuhanga: Mu by'Ikoranabuhanga mu by'Ikoranabuhanga n'Irobotiki, ingufu z'amashanyarazi zikoreshwa mu gutwara moteri za servo na actuators zifite imbaraga nyinshi, zigatanga uburyo bwo kugenzura neza no gusubiza vuba.

Mu gusoza, sisitemu z'amashanyarazi zitanga ingufu za pulse, hamwe n'ibikoresho byazo bikosora pulse mu buryo bw'ibanze, bigira uruhare runini mu gutanga ingufu za DC zihamye kandi zigenzurwa ku buryo butandukanye. Ubushobozi bwazo bwo hejuru, ingano nto, no gusubiza vuba bituma zikoreshwa mu nganda, ubuvuzi, na siyansi. Uko ikoranabuhanga rikomeza gutera imbere, byitezwe ko ingufu zitanga ingufu za pulse zizagira uruhare runini mu gutanga ingufu ku gisekuru gitaha cy'ibikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga bigezweho kandi bikoresha ingufu za elegitoroniki.ibikoresho.