Amashanyarazi ataziguye (DC) nigikoresho cyingenzi gihinduranya amashanyarazi (AC) avuye mumashanyarazi nyamukuru asohoka neza DC. Amashanyarazi ya DC ningirakamaro mubikorwa bitandukanye, kuva ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki byabaguzi kugeza kuri sisitemu yinganda. Iyi ngingo iracengera muburyo butandukanye bwo gukoresha amashanyarazi ya DC, akamaro kayo, nuburyo byinjizwa muri sisitemu zitandukanye.
1. Imikorere yibanze nubwoko
Amashanyarazi ya DC yibanze yibanze ni ugutanga voltage ihoraho cyangwa amashanyarazi kubikoresho bisaba DC kugirango ikore. Bitandukanye nimbaraga za AC, zihindura icyerekezo cyigihe, imbaraga za DC zitemba mumurongo umwe, uhoraho, bigatuma biba byiza kubikoresho bikeneye imbaraga zihamye.
Hariho ubwoko bwinshi bwibikoresho bya DC, harimo:
Ibikoresho bitanga umurongo: Ibi bizwiho gutanga umusaruro uhamye kandi urusaku ruke. Bakora muguhindura AC kuri DC binyuze muri transformateur, ikosora, hamwe nuruhererekane.
Guhindura ibikoresho by'amashanyarazi: Ibi birakora neza kandi byoroshye kuruta amashanyarazi atangwa. Bahindura AC kuri DC mugukingura no kuzimya byihuse bakoresheje ibice bya semiconductor, bikavamo gukora neza no kubyara ubushyuhe buke.
Porogaramu ishobora gutanga amashanyarazi: Ibi byemerera abakoresha gushiraho ingufu zidasanzwe zisohoka cyangwa urwego rwubu binyuze mumibare ya digitale, bigatuma biba byiza mugupima no kugamije iterambere.
2. Porogaramu muri Electronics yumuguzi
Bumwe mubikoreshwa cyane mumashanyarazi ya DC ni mubikoresho bya elegitoroniki. Ibikoresho nka terefone zigendanwa, mudasobwa zigendanwa, na tableti byose bisaba imbaraga za DC gukora. Amashanyarazi yibi bikoresho ahindura AC kuva kurukuta rwa DC muri DC, hanyuma ikishyuza bateri cyangwa igaha igikoresho igikoresho.
Amashanyarazi ya DC aboneka no mubindi bikoresho bya elegitoroniki yo murugo, harimo tereviziyo, imashini zikina imikino, nibikoresho bito. Guhuza imbaraga za DC byemeza ko ibyo bikoresho bikora neza kandi neza.
3. Inganda ninganda zikoreshwa
Mu nganda, amashanyarazi ya DC akoreshwa mugukoresha ibikoresho byinshi nibikoresho. Kurugero, nibyingenzi mugukoresha porogaramu zishobora gukoreshwa (PLCs), nubwonko bwihishe inyuma ya sisitemu yo gukora munganda zikora. Imbaraga za DC nazo ningirakamaro mugukoresha sensor, gukora, hamwe nubundi buryo bwo kugenzura busaba imbaraga zihamye kandi zuzuye.
Byongeye kandi, amashanyarazi ya DC akoreshwa mubikorwa nka electroplating na electrolysis, aho ingufu za DC zihoraho zikenewe kugirango ibisubizo bihamye. Muri ubu buryo, amashanyarazi ya DC agenzura igipimo cyo kohereza ibikoresho, bikagira uruhare rukomeye mu nganda zikora.
4. Itumanaho hamwe nuyoboro
Ibikorwa remezo by'itumanaho bishingiye cyane ku mashanyarazi ya DC. Ibikoresho nka router, switch, na sitasiyo fatizo bisaba isoko yizewe ya DC kugirango ikomeze itumanaho ridahagarara. Imbaraga za DC zikundwa muri sisitemu kubera ituze ryayo hamwe nubushobozi bwo gutanga imbaraga zihamye nta guhindagurika gushobora kubaho hamwe nimbaraga za AC.
Byongeye kandi, mu mbuga za tereviziyo ya kure, ibikoresho bya DC bikunze guhuzwa na bateri zisubiza inyuma kugirango bikore neza mugihe umuriro wabuze. Ihuriro ryemeza ko imiyoboro yitumanaho ikomeza gukora no mubihe bibi.
5. Sisitemu yo gutwara no gutwara abantu
Amashanyarazi ya DC nayo ntangarugero muri sisitemu yo gutwara no gutwara abantu. Imodoka zigezweho zifite ibikoresho byinshi bya elegitoroniki, harimo sisitemu ya GPS, infotainment unit, na sensor, byose bisaba ingufu za DC. Batare yimodoka, itanga ingufu za DC, ningirakamaro mugutangiza moteri no gukoresha sisitemu ya elegitoronike mugihe moteri yazimye.
Mu binyabiziga byamashanyarazi (EV), ingufu za DC zirakomeye cyane. Sisitemu yose yo gusunika ya EV ishingiye ku mbaraga za DC zibitswe mumapaki manini. Izi bateri zishyurwa hakoreshejwe amashanyarazi ya DC, haba kuri gride unyuze kuri sitasiyo yumuriro cyangwa mumashanyarazi ashobora kongera ingufu nkizuba.
6. Ibikoresho bya laboratoire n'ibizamini
Mubushakashatsi niterambere, DC itanga ingufu ningirakamaro. Laboratoire zibikoresha kugirango zikoreshe ibikoresho bitandukanye kandi zikore ubushakashatsi busaba voltage yuzuye kandi ihamye. Porogaramu ya DC itanga amashanyarazi ni ingirakamaro cyane muriyi miterere kuko yemerera abashakashatsi kwigana ibihe bitandukanye muguhindura ibipimo bitanga amashanyarazi.
Amashanyarazi ya DC nayo akoreshwa mugupima no guhinduranya ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki. Mugutanga ibidukikije bigenzurwa na DC, abashakashatsi barashobora kwemeza ko ibikoresho byujuje ibisabwa mbere yuko bisohoka ku isoko.
7. Ibikoresho byo kwa muganga
Urwego rwubuvuzi rushingiye kandi kubikoresho bya DC kugirango bikoreshe ibikoresho bikomeye. Ibikoresho nk'imashini za MRI, imashini X-ray, hamwe na monitor y'abarwayi byose bisaba imbaraga za DC zihamye kugirango zikore neza. Mubihe byinshi, kwizerwa kwamashanyarazi birashobora kuba ikibazo cyubuzima nurupfu, bigatuma ibikoresho bya DC byujuje ubuziranenge bikenewe mubuvuzi.
Ibikoresho byubuvuzi bigendanwa, nka defibrillator na pompe ya infusion, nabyo bikoresha ingufu za DC, akenshi biva muri bateri. Ibi bikoresho bigomba kugira imbaraga zizewe kugirango bikore neza mugihe cyihutirwa.
8. Sisitemu Yingufu Zisubirwamo
Ubwanyuma, amashanyarazi ya DC afite uruhare runini muri sisitemu yingufu zishobora kubaho. Imirasire y'izuba, nkurugero, itanga ingufu za DC, hanyuma ikoreshwa mugutwara bateri cyangwa igahinduka AC kugirango ikoreshwe muri gride. Amashanyarazi ya DC akoreshwa muri sisitemu kugirango agenzure urujya n'uruza rw'amashanyarazi no kwemeza ko bateri zishyurwa neza.
Umuyaga uhuha hamwe nubundi buryo bwingufu zishobora nanone gukoreshwa amashanyarazi ya DC kubintu bisa. Mugihe isi igenda yerekeza kumasoko arambye yingufu, uruhare rwibikoresho bya DC mugucunga no gukwirakwiza izo mbaraga bigenda biba ngombwa.
Umwanzuro
Amashanyarazi ya DC aratandukanye kandi nibyingenzi mubice byinshi bya porogaramu, kuva ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki byabaguzi kugeza kuri sisitemu yinganda. Ubushobozi bwabo bwo gutanga imbaraga zihamye kandi zizewe zituma badakenerwa mwisi yubu ikoreshwa nikoranabuhanga. Mugihe inganda zikomeje gutera imbere, icyifuzo cyo gutanga ingufu za DC neza kandi neza kiziyongera gusa, bikagaragaza akamaro kabo mubice bitandukanye.
T: Amashanyarazi ya DC akoreshwa iki?
D.
K: amashanyarazi
Igihe cyo kohereza: Nzeri-05-2024
