Itandukaniro ryingenzi na Porogaramu
Ikosora nibintu byingenzi mubice bitandukanye bya elegitoroniki na sisitemu yo gutanga amashanyarazi. Bahindura uburyo bwo guhinduranya (AC) kugirango bayobore icyerekezo (DC), batanga imbaraga zikenewe kubikoresho byinshi na porogaramu. Mu bwoko butandukanye bwo gukosora, gukosora pulse hamwe na polarite ihindura ikosora irazwi kubiranga byihariye nibisabwa. Iyi ngingo iracengera itandukaniro riri hagati yubwoko bubiri bwo gukosora, amahame yakazi yabo, ibyiza, ibibi, nibisabwa.
Ikosora
Ikosora ya pulse, izwi kandi nka pulsed rectifiers cyangwa ikosora igenzurwa, ni ibikoresho bihindura AC kuri DC ukoresheje ibikoresho bya semiconductor bigenzurwa nka thyristors cyangwa silikoni igenzurwa na silicon (SCRs). Ibi bikosora bikoreshwa mubisanzwe bisaba kugenzura neza ibyasohotse mumashanyarazi.
Ihame ry'akazi
Imikorere ya pulse ikosora ikubiyemo kugenzura icyiciro cya fonction ya voltage ya AC. Muguhindura inguni ya SCRs, ibisohoka DC voltage irashobora gutegekwa. Iyo SCR itangiye, ituma imiyoboro inyuramo kugeza igihe inzinguzingo ya AC igeze kuri zeru, icyo gihe SCR ikazimya. Iyi nzira isubiramo kuri buri kimwe cya kabiri cyinzira ya AC yinjiza, ikabyara DC isohoka.
Ibyiza
Igenzura risobanutse: Gukosora impyisi zitanga igenzura ryiza kubisohoka n’umuvuduko ukabije, bigatuma biba byiza kubisabwa bisaba ko DC ihinduka.
Gukora neza: Ibi bikosora birakora cyane, kuko bigabanya gutakaza ingufu mugihe cyo guhinduka.
Guhinduka: Gukosora impyisi birashobora gutwara imizigo itandukanye kandi irakwiriye kubwoko butandukanye bwa AC yinjiza.
Ibibi
Ingorabahizi: Umuzunguruko wa pulse ikosora iraruhije kuruta iy'ikosora ryoroheje, bisaba ibindi bice byo gukurura no kugenzura.
Igiciro: Bitewe no gukoresha ibikoresho bigenzurwa na semiconductor hamwe nubundi buryo bwo kugenzura ibintu, gukosora pulse muri rusange bihenze cyane.
Porogaramu
Gukosora pulse bikoreshwa cyane mubikorwa byinganda, harimo:
1.Ibihinduka byihuta byimodoka: Kubigenzura umuvuduko wa moteri ya AC.
2.Amashanyarazi: Mubikoresho byateganijwe kubikoresho bya elegitoroniki.
3.Kuzenguruka: Mu bikoresho byo gusudira aho kugenzura neza ibyasohotse ari ngombwa.
4.Ikwirakwizwa rya HVDC: Muri sisitemu yohereza amashanyarazi menshi (HVDC) kugirango ikore neza
Ikosora Ikosora Ikosora
Ikosora ya polarite ihindagurika, izwi kandi nka reaction ya polarite ikingira ikosora cyangwa ikosora ibyuma birinda ibyuma bya voltage, byashizweho kugirango birinde imiyoboro yangiritse iterwa no guhuza polarite itari yo. Bemeza ko umuzenguruko ukora neza nubwo amashanyarazi yatanzwe.
Ihame ry'akazi
Igice cyibanze cya polarite revers rectifier ni diode cyangwa ihuriro rya diode. Iyo uhujwe mukurikirane hamwe namashanyarazi, diode yemerera amashanyarazi gutemba gusa muburyo bwiza. Niba polarite ihinduwe, diode ihagarika ikigezweho, ikumira ibyangiritse kumuzunguruko.
Mubishushanyo mbonera byateye imbere, MOSFETs (icyuma-oxyde-semiconductor field-effect transistors) ikoreshwa mugutanga ingufu za voltage yimbere kandi ikora neza ugereranije na diode. Ibi bikosora MOSFET ikosora ihita ihindura polarite ikwiye kandi ikemeza imikorere yumuzunguruko.
Ibyiza
Kurinda Umuzunguruko: Ikosora ya polarite irinda neza ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki byoroshye kwangirika kubera guhuza polarite itariyo.
Ubworoherane: Igishushanyo kiroroshye kandi kirashobora kwinjizwa muburyo bworoshye.
Ikiguzi-Cyiza: Diode ishingiye kuri polarite ihinduranya ikosora irahendutse kandi iraboneka byoroshye.
Ibibi
Umuvuduko w'amashanyarazi: Ikosora rya diode itangiza icyerekezo cya voltage igabanuka, gishobora kugabanya imikorere rusange yumuzunguruko.
Igenzura rito: Ibi bikosora ntabwo bitanga kugenzura ibisohoka voltage cyangwa amashanyarazi, kuko umurimo wabo wibanze ni uburinzi.
Porogaramu
Ikosora ya polarite ikosora ikoreshwa muburyo butandukanye aho kurinda polarite ihindagurika ni ngombwa, harimo:
1.Ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki yumuguzi: Mubikoresho nka terefone zigendanwa, mudasobwa zigendanwa, n’ibindi bikoresho bya elegitoroniki bigendanwa kugira ngo wirinde kwangirika kw’amashanyarazi atari yo.
2.Automotive: Muri electronics yimodoka kugirango irinde imizunguruko ihuza na bateri.
3.Imirasire y'izuba: Kugirango ukore neza imirasire y'izuba kandi wirinde kwangirika kwizuba ryinshi.
4.Amashanyarazi ya Bateri: Kurinda imiyoboro yumuriro kugirango uhuze bateri nabi.
Itandukaniro ryingenzi
Itandukaniro ryingenzi
Mugihe ibyuma byombi bikosora hamwe na polarite ihindura ikosora bigira uruhare runini muri sisitemu ya elegitoroniki, imikorere yabo nibisabwa biratandukanye cyane.
Imikorere: Gukosora impiswi byibanda ku guhindura AC kuri DC hamwe no kugenzura neza ibyasohotse, mugihe polarite ihindura ikosora igamije kurinda imirongo kwangirika kubera guhuza polarite itari yo.
Ibigize: Ikosora ya pulse ikoresha ibikoresho bigenzurwa na semiconductor nka SCRs, mugihe polarite ihindura ikosora mubisanzwe ikoresha diode cyangwa MOSFETs.
Ibigoye: Gukosora impyisi biraruhije kandi bisaba ko hongerwaho uburyo bwo kugenzura ibintu, mugihe polarite ihindura ikosora ifite igishushanyo cyoroshye.
Porogaramu: Ikosora ya pulse ikoreshwa mubikorwa byinganda nimbaraga nyinshi, mugihe polarite ihindura ikosora ikunze kuboneka mubikoresho bya elegitoroniki byabaguzi, ibinyabiziga, nizuba.
Umwanzuro
Gukosora impiswi hamwe na polarite ihindura ikosora nibintu byingenzi muri sisitemu ya elegitoroniki igezweho, buri kimwe gikora intego zitandukanye. Gukosora impyisi zitanga igenzura neza nubushobozi muri AC kuri DC ihinduka, bigatuma ikoreshwa mubikorwa byinganda. Ibinyuranye, gukosora polarite itanga uburinzi bukomeye bwo kwirinda guhuza polarite itariyo, kurinda umutekano no kwizerwa byibikoresho bya elegitoroniki na sisitemu zitandukanye. Gusobanukirwa itandukaniro riri hagati yibi bikosora bifasha muguhitamo ibice bikwiye kubisabwa byihariye, amaherezo bikazamura imikorere no kuramba kumashanyarazi.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Jul-03-2024
