Electrodialysis (ED) ni uburyo bukoresha membrane ishobora kwinjiramo n'amashanyarazi akoresha ingufu zidasanzwe kugira ngo ijyane mu buryo bwihariye uduce duto tw'amazi (nk'iyoni) mu gisubizo. Ubu buryo bwo gutandukanya ibintu byibanda ku mazi n'ibindi bice bidafite umuriro. Electrodialysis yahindutse imikorere minini y'ibinyabutabire kandi igira uruhare runini mu ikoranabuhanga ryo gutandukanya membrane. Ikoreshwa cyane mu nganda nko gukuramo umunyu mu binyabutabire, gukuramo umunyu mu mazi yo mu nyanja, ibiribwa n'imiti, no gutunganya amazi yanduye. Mu turere tumwe na tumwe, yabaye uburyo bw'ibanze bwo gukora amazi yo kunywa. Itanga ibyiza nko gukoresha ingufu nke, inyungu zikomeye mu bukungu, gutunganya mbere y'uko amazi atangira gukoreshwa, ibikoresho biramba, imiterere y'uburyo bworoshye bwo gukora no kubungabunga, gutunganya no gusukura, gukoresha imiti mu buryo bworoshye, gukoresha imiti mu buryo budahumanye, gukoresha imiti mu buryo buke, kwangiza ibidukikije, kumara igihe kirekire ibikoresho, no kugarura amazi menshi (ubusanzwe kuva kuri 65% kugeza 80%).
Uburyo busanzwe bwo gusuzuma hakoreshejwe electrodialysis burimo electrodeionization (EDI), electrodialysis reversal (EDR), electrodialysis ifite liquid membranes (EDLM), electrodialysis ifite ubushyuhe bwinshi, electrodialysis yo mu bwoko bwa roll-type, bipolar membrane electrodialysis, n'izindi.
Electrodialysis ishobora gukoreshwa mu gutunganya ubwoko butandukanye bw'amazi yanduye, harimo n'amazi yanduye akoresha amashanyarazi n'amazi yanduye yandujwe n'icyuma gikomeye. Ishobora gukoreshwa mu gukura iyoni z'icyuma n'ibindi bintu mu mazi yanduye, bigatuma amazi n'umutungo w'agaciro bigaruka kandi bigakoreshwa mu kugabanya umwanda n'ibyuka bihumanya. Ubushakashatsi bwagaragaje ko electrodialysis ishobora kugarura umuringa, zinc, ndetse no kugabanya Cr3+ kuri Cr6+ mu gihe cyo gutunganya ibisubizo bya passivation mu gikorwa cyo gukora umuringa. Byongeye kandi, electrodialysis yahujwe no guhindura iyoni kugira ngo ibyuma biremereye na aside biva mu mazi yanduye aside mu nganda. Ibikoresho bya electrodialysis byakozwe byihariye, bikoresha resins zombi za anion na cation exchange nk'ibyuzuza, byakoreshejwe mu gutunganya amazi yanduye akoresha icyuma gikomeye, bigatuma amazi yanduye asubiramo kandi ntavamo. Electrodialysis ishobora kandi gukoreshwa mu kuvura amazi yanduye ya alkaline n'amazi yanduye ya organic.
Ubushakashatsi bwakorewe muri Laboratwari y’ingenzi ya Leta ishinzwe kurwanya umwanda no kongera gukoresha umutungo mu Bushinwa bwize ku kuvura amazi mabi yozamo alkali arimo epoxy propane chlorination tail gaze hakoreshejwe electrolysis ya ion exchange membrane. Iyo voltage ya electrolysis yari 5.0V kandi igihe cyo kuzenguruka cyari amasaha 3, igipimo cyo gukuraho COD cy’amazi mabi cyageze kuri 78%, kandi igipimo cyo kugarura alkali cyari hejuru ya 73.55%, kikaba ari uburyo bwiza bwo kuvura ibice bya biochemical bikurikira. Ikoranabuhanga rya electrodialysis ryanakoreshejwe mu kuvura amazi mabi ya aside organic complex, afite ubunini buri hagati ya 3% na 15%, na Shandong Luhua Petrochemical Company. Ubu buryo ntibutanga ibisigazwa cyangwa umwanda wa kabiri, kandi umuti wakuwemo ugizwe na aside 20% kugeza 40%, ishobora kongera gukoreshwa no kuvurwa, bikagabanya aside mu mazi mabi kugeza kuri 0.05% kugeza kuri 0.3%. Byongeye kandi, Sinopec Sichuan Petrochemical Company yakoresheje igikoresho cyihariye cyo gutunganya amazi yanduye mu kuvura amazi yanduye yahujwe n’amazi, agera ku bushobozi ntarengwa bwo kuyatunganya bwa toni 36/h, aho ammonium nitrate iri mu mazi yahujwe igera hejuru ya 20%, kandi igera ku kigero cyo kugaruka ku kigero kirenga 96%. Amazi meza yavuwe yari afite igice cya ammonium azote kingana na ≤40mg/L, yujuje ibisabwa ku bidukikije.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Nzeri-07-2023
