Electrodialysis (ED) ni inzira ikoresha igice cya semipermeable membrane hamwe numuriro w'amashanyarazi utaziguye kugirango uhitemo gutwara ibice byashizwemo (nka ion) bivuye mubisubizo. Ubu buryo bwo gutandukana bwibanda, bugasibanganya, bukanonosora, kandi bugasukura ibisubizo byerekeza kumashanyarazi kure yamazi nibindi bikoresho bitishyurwa. Electrodialysis yahindutse mubikorwa binini bya chimique kandi bigira uruhare runini muburyo bwo gutandukanya membrane. Irasanga ikoreshwa cyane mu nganda nko kwangiza imiti, kwangiza amazi yo mu nyanja, ibiryo n’imiti, no gutunganya amazi mabi. Mu turere tumwe na tumwe, byabaye uburyo bwibanze bwo gutanga amazi yo kunywa. Itanga ibyiza nko gukoresha ingufu nke, inyungu zubukungu zikomeye, kwitegura byoroheje, ibikoresho biramba, igishushanyo mbonera cya sisitemu, gukora byoroshye no kuyitaho, inzira isukuye, gukoresha imiti mike, kwanduza ibidukikije bike, igihe kirekire cyibikoresho, hamwe n’igipimo kinini cyo kugarura amazi (mubisanzwe kuva kuri 65% kugeza 80%).
Ubuhanga busanzwe bwa electrodialysis burimo electrodeionisation (EDI), electrodialysis reversal (EDR), electrodialysis hamwe na membrane y'amazi (EDLM), electrodialysis yo mu bushyuhe bwo hejuru, electrodealysis yo mu bwoko bwa roll, bipolar membrane electrodialysis, nibindi.
Electrodialysis irashobora gukoreshwa mugutunganya ubwoko butandukanye bwamazi y’amazi, harimo amazi y’amashanyarazi n’amazi aremereye yanduye. Irashobora gukoreshwa mugukuramo ion ibyuma nibindi bintu mumazi yanduye, bigatuma habaho kugarura no gukoresha amazi nubutunzi bwagaciro mugihe bigabanya umwanda n’ibyuka bihumanya. Ubushakashatsi bwerekanye ko electrodialysis ishobora kugarura umuringa, zinc, ndetse ikanahindura okiside Cr3 + kugeza kuri Cr6 + mugihe cyo kuvura ibisubizo bya passivation mugikorwa cyo gukora umuringa. Byongeye kandi, electrodialysis yahujwe no guhana ion kugirango isubirane ibyuma biremereye na acide biva mumazi yanduye acide mumazi akoreshwa munganda. Ibikoresho byabugenewe byabugenewe bya electrodialysis, bifashishije anion hamwe na cation yo guhanahana ibintu nk'ibyuzuzo, byakoreshejwe mu gutunganya amazi mabi y’ibyuma biremereye, bigera ku gufunga-gufunga no gusohora zeru. Electrodialysis irashobora kandi gukoreshwa mugutunganya amazi mabi ya alkaline namazi mabi.
Ubushakashatsi bwakorewe muri Laboratwari ya Leta ishinzwe kurwanya umwanda no gukoresha umutungo mu Bushinwa bwize ku gutunganya amazi y’amazi ya alkali arimo amazi ya epoxy propane chlorination umurizo ukoresheje ion yo guhana membrane electrolysis. Iyo amashanyarazi ya electrolysis yari 5.0V naho igihe cyo kuzenguruka kikaba amasaha 3, igipimo cyo gukuraho COD y’amazi mabi cyageze kuri 78%, naho igipimo cyo gukira alkali cyari hejuru ya 73.55%, kikaba ari uburyo bwiza bwo kwifashisha ibice bya biohimiki byakurikiyeho. Ikoranabuhanga rya Electrodialysis naryo ryakoreshejwe mu gutunganya amazi mabi y’amazi ya aside irike cyane, hamwe n’ibicuruzwa biri hagati ya 3% na 15%, n’isosiyete ikora peteroli ya Shandong Luhua. Ubu buryo butera ibisigisigi cyangwa umwanda wa kabiri, kandi igisubizo cyibanze cyabonetse kirimo aside 20% kugeza 40%, ishobora gutunganywa no kuvurwa, bikagabanya aside iri mumazi y’amazi kugeza 0,05% kugeza 0.3%. Byongeye kandi, Sinopec Sichuan Petrochemical Company yakoresheje igikoresho cyihariye cya electrodialysis mu kuvura amazi y’amazi ya kondensate, igera ku bushobozi ntarengwa bwo gutunganya 36 t / h, hamwe na nitrati ya ammonium mu mazi yibanze agera kuri 20%, kandi igera ku kigero cyo hejuru ya 96 %. Amazi meza yatunganijwe yari afite agace ka ammonium azote ya m40mg / L, yujuje ubuziranenge bwibidukikije.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Nzeri-07-2023
